This test measures the following biomarker:

• Estradiol

  Estradiol is the primary form of estrogen produced by the ovaries. It is essential for reproductive health and pregnancy as it is one of the primary sex hormones responsible for ovulation. Estradiol levels drastically decrease after menopause. In addition to helping the brain and reproductive system function at their best, estradiol also affects bone formation, the development of secondary female sex traits, fat distribution, libido, and cardiovascular health.

• LH

  LH levels help women to determine when they ovulate, why they might have trouble getting pregnant, and to help to identify the cause for irregular or no periods, and to diagnose PCOS, and confirm and track menopause or perimenopause. LH levels are also used to measure health of the pituitary gland, to find pituitary tumors, and to enable evaluation of early or late puberty in children.

• FSH

  Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in regulating reproductive processes, such as egg development in the ovaries and sperm production in the testes. FSH is used to evaluate fertility issues, diagnose pituitary gland disorders, and diseases involving the ovaries or testes. It helps determine the cause of irregular or absent menstrual periods in women, assess menopause onset, and investigate delayed or early puberty in children.

• AMH

  AMH is a marker of the number of eggs remaining in the ovaries (ovarian reserve). Higher AMH levels indicate a larger number of eggs and better fertility potential.

• Prolactin

  Prolactin plays an important role in men and in the function of the testicles, the production of testosterone (the main male sex hormone), and in sperm production. Prolactin levels can help to determine the cause of impotence (inability to have an erection during sex), reduced desire for sex, and infertility in males.

• Insulin

  Insulin is important for using and storing glucose, which is a type of sugar that comes from the food we eat and is the body's main energy source. After eating, food is digested and glucose enters into the bloodstream. Insulin helps move glucose out of the bloodstream into the body's cells, especially muscle cells, to make energy. It also tells the liver to change extra glucose into fat and carbohydrates.

• Cortisol

  Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It is the "stress hormone" with many other functions including, regulating blood sugar levels, reducing inflammation, and controlling blood pressure. Cortisol levels usually peak in the morning and reach their lowest point at night. Measuring cortisol helps monitor and manage adrenal gland issues.

• Glucose

  This checks how much sugar is in your blood after not eating for 8 to 12 hours. It helps find and monitor diabetes and helps you to see how your body handles sugar. High levels can mean you have too much sugar in your bloodstream and may mean you have pre-diabetes or diabetes.

• A1c

  A1C is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months. It works by measuring the percentage of hemoglobin in your red blood cells that has glucose attached to it. A higher A1C level indicates higher average blood sugar and can be a sign of diabetes or poor management in those who already have it.

• AST

  AST is an enzyme that is mainly found in the liver, but is also found in the heart, muscles, and kidneys. When any of these organs is damaged, AST levels rise in the blood. This test enables evaluation of liver function. Elevated AST levels can indicate problems with the liver such as liver disease, infectious hepatitis or toxicity related to medications, alcohol use, or other environmental toxins.

• ALT

  ALT (alanine aminotransferase) is an enzyme primarily found in the liver and in the kidneys, heart, and muscles. It has a role in amino acid metabolism. When elevated, ALT indicates damage to the liver such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, or reaction to medications. Elevated ALT can also indicate damage to other tissues, though it is less common. When ALT levels are higher than AST levels, it can be used to diagnose conditions such as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

• Total testosterone (male)

  Total testosterone is essential for the growth, development, and function of male reproductive organs. It also helps develop bone density, muscle strength, and fat distribution. The total testosterone test measures both free and protein-bound testosterone.

• Total testosterone (female)

  Total testosterone is a sex hormone present in females in small amounts. It helps with the growth, development, and function of bone density. It also helps develop muscle strength, libido, and fat distribution. The total testosterone test measures the combination of both free and protein-bound testosterone.

• FAI

  A free androgen index (FAI) measures the balance of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in the blood to estimate free testosterone levels. It's useful for detecting hormone imbalances in men, which can affect sexual function, muscle mass, and overall health. FAI results are used to diagnose and treat conditions related to low or high testosterone, help to manage symptoms and plan appropriate treatments.

• DHEAS

  The DHEAS hormone, primarily produced by the adrenal glands and also by the testes, helps create male sex hormones. It's crucial for body changes during puberty. This test checks adrenal gland function, identifies adrenal problems, and addresses hormone issues like early or late puberty. It helps your provider understand adrenal health and treat hormone-related issues.

• SHBG

  SHBG is a protein made mostly by the liver. It attaches to sex hormones in the blood, like estrogen and testosterone, and helps control how much of these hormones are active in the body. High SHBG levels can lower free testosterone. Abnormal SHBG levels can also indicate hormone problems like hyperthyroidism or low sex hormones. SHBG levels can also reflect liver health, with changes suggesting liver disease or problems.

• Albumin

  Albumin is a protein produced by the liver that helps diagnose liver and kidney disorders. Albumin is an antioxidant and detoxifying protein that prevents fluid loss and transports nutrients and hormones throughout the body.

• Progesterone

  Progesterone levels are used to help confirm ovulation, abnormal uterine bleeding, or menstrual problems. It is used to monitor early pregnancy. It can also help look into fertility issues including diagnosing luteal phase deficiency.